Vomiting
Oral expulsion of upper gastrointestinal contents resulting from contractions of gut and thoracoabdominal wall musculature.
(Regurgitation is effortless)
(Regurgitation is effortless)
Causes
|
1. Intraperitoneal (obstruction, inf, infl, impaired motor fn, biliary colic)
2. Extraperitoneal (cardiopulmonary, labrinthine disease, intracerebral, psychiatric, postoperative) 3. Drugs/ metabolic (Endocrine, pregnancy, ketoacidosis, thyroid/para) |
Pathogenesis
|
chemoreceptor trigger zone --> vomitting centre
|
Clinical features
|
1. Vomiting
2. Dehydration |
Red flags
|
1. Malignancies (cerebral)
|
Investigations
|
Bloods
1. FBC 2. UEC, 3. LFT (biliary colic) 4. Glucose 5. ABG (metabolic alkalosis from loss of gastric contents Imaging 1. AXR (obstruction) 2. Endoscopy |
Management
|
1. Anti-emetic
2. Rehydration (fluids with K+) |
Complications
|
1. Dehydration
|
References
1. Dennis L. Kasper, 2004. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16th Edition. 16 Edition.
2. McGraw-Hill Professional.2. Murray Longmore, 2010. Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine (Oxford Handbooks Series). 8 Edition. Oxford University Press, USA.
1. Dennis L. Kasper, 2004. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16th Edition. 16 Edition.
2. McGraw-Hill Professional.2. Murray Longmore, 2010. Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine (Oxford Handbooks Series). 8 Edition. Oxford University Press, USA.