Dyspnoea
Respiratory
Obstructive
Restrictive
Infective (? Fever/ rigors/ malaise, pleuritic pain)
Paediatrics (? immunisation)
Others
Cardiovascular
*Red flag
Obstructive
- Asthma
- COPD (chronic bronchitis/ emphysema)
- Bronchiectesis
Restrictive
Infective (? Fever/ rigors/ malaise, pleuritic pain)
Paediatrics (? immunisation)
- Bronchiolitis (peak: 6mo old)
- Paediatric asthma
- Paediatric pneumonia
Others
- Pneumothorax (?tall/ young/ male)
- Atelectasis (?surgery/ immobility)
- Lung cancer*
- Pleural effusion
- Anaphylaxis (?rash/ hx)
- Anxiety/ Hyperventilation
- Foreign body aspiration (?sudden onset/ stridor)
- PJP (? immunosuppresion)
- Poor fitness
Cardiovascular
- Pulmonary embolism* (? smoking/ OCP/ >35y/ long immobile period)
- Heart failure/ Acute pulmonary oedema
- Anaemia (?lethargy/ pallor)
*Red flag