Respiratary Medicine
Type 1 Resp failure:
Type 2 Resp failure:
Sx
Spirometry
FEV1/FVC < 70% pred = obstructive
Xray
Source
Harrison's 18th Ed
- Hypoxia = lack of O2 in tissues
- Hypoxemia = lack of O2 in blood
- Pneumonia + GI sx = Legionella pneumonia (atypical). Rx: Azithromycin
Type 1 Resp failure:
- Hypoxaemia (V/Q mismatch - ventilation good but poor O2 supply to blood . Eg. low ambient O2, PE, shunting, pneumonia, ARDS)
Type 2 Resp failure:
- Hypoxaemia + Hypercapnia (Poor ventilation - Retention of CO2. Eg COPD, Severe obesity, Kyphosis, neuromuscular diseases)
Sx
- Acute SOB = sudden physio changes = bronchospasm, PE, MI, pneumothorax, laryngeal oedema
- Chronic cough = >8w
- Non productive cough = diffuse parenchymal disease = IPF
- Clunbbing: SCC/ adenocarcinoma, PF (NOT COPD)
Spirometry
FEV1/FVC < 70% pred = obstructive
Xray
- Usually PA
- NAD = Normal/ vascular disease/ airways
- CT = parenchymal, PE (CTPA), ca (IV)
- Pleural plaques = asbestosis (past ship workers exposed)
- APO
- A lveolar oedema (bat's wing)
- B Kerley B lines (interstitial oedema)
- C ardiomegaly
- D ilated upper lobe vessels
- E ffusion (pleural)
Source
Harrison's 18th Ed