Conduct Disorder (CD)
Epidemiology
Prevalence: 1.5-3.4% (M:F = 4-12:1)
Aetiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Source
Toronto Notes 2012
Prevalence: 1.5-3.4% (M:F = 4-12:1)
Aetiology
- Parental/familial factors- parental psychopathology (e.g. ASPD, substance abuse), child rearing practices (e.g. child abuse, discipline), low socio-economic status (SES), family violence
- child factors - difficult temperament, ODD, learning problems, neurobiology
Diagnosis
- Differential: ADHD, depression, head injury, substance abuse
- ≥3 in past 12 months and ≥1 in past 6 months of:
- T heft
- R ule breaking
- A ggression
- P roperty destruction
Treatment
- Early intervention necessary and more effective, long-term follow-up required
- Parent management training, anger replacement training, CBT, family therapy, education/ employment programs, social skills training, medications for aggressiveness or co-morbid disorders
- Pharmacotherapy is insufficient; mainly used for treatment of comorbid disorders
Prognosis
- Poor prognostic indicators include early-age onset, high frequency and variety of behaviours, pervasiveness (i.e. in home, school, community), comorbid ADHD, early sexual activity, substance abuse
- 50% of CD children become adult ASPD
Source
Toronto Notes 2012